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Southern
Gardens
By
Thornton F. Jordan, Ph.D.
Master
List
In
1991, Westville hired Catherine Drewery of Crawford, Georgia, a landscaper
who specializes in historic gardens, to develop a master plan to restore
our five gardens. The restoration work involved installing irrigation
systems, and in many cases, to take up existing plants, remove 18 inches
of sandy soil, rebuild each plot with a mixture of sand, red clay, and
compost, then replant according to her researched list of pre-1850 flowers.
The project has been ongoing for ten years, and the results have been
dramatic. The reconditioned soil now holds water and nutrients, the formal
boxwoods are in their third year of regrowth, and the gardens are coming
into their glory.
In addition, we have added an antique rose garden and an antique camellia
garden, which were not part of the Drewery plans. In a few cases, we have
added period substitutes (indicated in parentheses). Species names have
been omitted where identification is uncertain. Plants indicated in brackets
were in the Drewery plan but are not currently in Westville’s gardens.
Achillea
millefolium * yarrow
Allium sativum * garlic
Allium Schoenoprasum * chives
Allium tuberosum * garlic chives
Artemisia abrotanum * Southernwood
Artemisia absinthium * wormwood
Artemisia ludoviciana * white sage 'Silver King'
(Asarum * wild ginger)
(Aspidistra elatior * cast iron plant)
(Astilbe * astilbe)
Baptisia australis * false blue indigo
Buxus sempervirens * dwarf boxwood
Callicarpa americana * American beautyberry
Calycanthus floridus * sweetshrub
Canna generalis * canna
(Cassia * senna)
Centaurea cyanus * bachelor's buttons
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides * plumbago
Chaenomeles speciosa * flowering quince
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum * ox-eyed daisy
Clematis maximowicziana * sweet autumn clematis
(Colocasia esculenta Taro * elephant’s ear)
Coreopsis grandiflora * coreopsis, tickseed
Coreopsis tinctoria * calliopsis
(Cyrtomium falcatum * holly fern)
(Deutzia * deutzia)
Dianthus barbatus * Sweet William
Dianthus plumarius * pinks
(Digitalis * foxglove)
[Dipsacus sativus or fullonum * Fuller's teasel]
[Dolichos lablab * hyacinth bean]
Echinacea purpurea * purple coneflower
(Eleagnus macrphylla * eleagnus)
Eupatorium coelestinum * tall ageratum
Foeniculum vulgare * fennel
(Forsythia forsythia) (note: many sources say forsythia didn’t arive in the South until 1900. But a letter to the editor of the Natchez Daily Courier, Oct 24, 1854 mentions it. See article by George R. Stritikus, extension horticulturist, Auburn U. in Magnolia: Bulletin of the Southern Garden History Society XII.4 (Fall 1996)).
Gaillardia aristata
(or annual G. pulchella) * blanket flower
Gardenia jasminoides * gardenia, Cape jasmine
Guara lindheimeri * guara
Gelsemium sempervirens * Carolina jessamine
Hedera helix * ivy
(Helleborus foetidus * Lenten rose, or stinking hellebore)
Helianthus angustifolius * swamp sunflower
Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus
(syn. H. flava) * lemon daylily
Hemerocallis fulva * tawny daylily
(Hibiscus syriacus * Rose of Sharon)
(Hosta elegans hosta ) (note-Hosta sieboldiana, famous for withstanding the London smogs of the 1840s would be a better period choice, if available)
Hydrangea macrophylla * blue hydrangea
Hydrangea quercifolia * oakleaf hydrangea
Iberis sempervirens * candytuft
Ilex opaca * American holly
(Impatiens * impatiens, or patience plant)
(Ipomoea quamoclit * Cypress vine)
Iris germanica * tall bearded iris
(Itea virginica * Virginia sweetspire)
Jasminum nudiflorum * winter jasmine
(Kerria japonica * kerria)
Lantana camara * lantana
Leucojum aestivum * snowflake, or snowdrop
Lilium candidum * Madonna lily
Lilium martagon * Turk's cap lily
[Lilium martagon 'Alba' * white Turk's Cap lily]
Liriope muscari * border grass
Lonicera fragrantissima * winter honeysuckle
Lonicera sempervirens * coral honeysuckle
Lunaria annua * money plant, or honesty
Lychnis coronaria * rose campion
Lycoris radiata * spider lily
Mellissa officinalis * lemon balm
Mentha pulegium * pennyroyal
Mentha piperita or spicata * peppermint or spearmint
Muscari botryoides * grape hyacinth, blue bottles
Nandina domestica * nandina
Narcissus jonquilla
or pseudonarcissus * jonquil or daffodil
Narcissus poeticus * pheasant's eye narcissus
[Oenothera perennis * sundrops]
Osmanthus fragrans * tea olive
(Oxalis adenophylla * oxalis)
Petunia * old-fashioned single mixed petunias
[Phalaris arundinacea * ribbon grass]
Phlox divaricata * dwarf phlox
Phlox paniculata * common purple, summer phlox
Phlox subulata * thrift
(Platycodon campanulaceae * balloon flower)
Poncirus trifoliata * bitter orange
Rhododendron austrinum * Florida azalea
Rosa banksiae * Lady Banks rose
Rosmarinus officinalis * rosemary
Rudbeckia fulgida * black-eyed Susan
(Rumex scutatus * French sorrel)
Ruta graveolens * rue
Salvia elegans * pineapple sage
Saponaria officinalis * soapwort, Bouncing Bet
[Sedum spectabile * showy sedum, houseleek, stonecrop]
(Sedum telephium * autumn sedum)
(Scabiosa caucasia * pincushion flower)
(Scilla sibirica * Siberian squill)
Spirea prunifolia `Plena' * bridal wreath spirea
Stokesia laevis * Stokes' aster
(Tagetes erecta * African marigold)
Tanasetum vulgare * tansy
Thymus x citriodorus * lemon thyme
(Tradescantia virginiana * spiderwort)
Verbascum thapsus * mullein
Verbena canadensis `Gene Cline' * purple perennial verbena
Verbena canadensis `Rosea' * pink perennial verbena
[Verbena tenuisecta `Alba' * white moss verbena]
Vinca major * periwinkle
Viola cucullata * wild blue violets
Viola tricolor * Johnny-jump-up
Vitis rotundifolia * muscadine
antique Camellia japonica, with dates of introduction:
Alba Plena * 1792
Chandleri Elegans * 1831
Daikugura * 1851
Gigantea * 1840
Nagasaki * 1859
antique roses, with dates and type:
Cramoisi Superieur * 1832 China, also called "Agrippina"
Duchess de Brabant * 1857 tea
General Jacqueminot * 1853 hybrid perpetual
Henri Martin * 1863 moss
Jeanne d'Arc * 1848 noisette
Louis Phillipe * 1834 China
Old Blush * 1752 China , also known as "Common Monthly""Common Blush China," "Old Pink Daily," "Old Pink Monthly," and "Parsons' Pink China"
[Rosa laevigta * 1759 Cherokee rose]
[Rosa Roxburghii * pre-1814 moss, also known as" Chestnut", or "Chinquipin" rose ]
[Seven Sisters 1817 climbing]
Souvenir de la Malmaison * 1843 Bourbon
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Southern
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Thornton Jordan Ph.D.
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